Dandruff, known as balakubak in Filipino, is a common scalp condition characterized by the presence of dry, white flakes of skin that often fall onto the shoulders or become noticeable when the scalp is scratched. While generally harmless, dandruff can be an embarrassing and persistent issue for many people.
Symptoms of Dandruff
- White or grayish flakes. The hallmark of dandruff is the presence of dry, flaky skin that detaches from the scalp and becomes visible on hair, clothing, or when scratching.
- Dry scalp and hair. Dandruff often causes a feeling of dryness in the scalp and hair, which may exacerbate flaking.
- Itchy scalp. Persistent itching is a common symptom, often leading to discomfort and scratching that worsens the condition.
When It’s More Than Just Dandruff
If flaking and itching extend beyond the scalp—appearing on areas like the eyebrows, sides of the nose, armpits, or groin—it may indicate a condition called seborrheic dermatitis. This is a more severe form of dandruff that requires medical attention for effective treatment.
Managing Dandruff
- Use medicated shampoos. Anti-dandruff shampoos containing zinc pyrithione, salicylic acid, selenium sulfide, or ketoconazole can help reduce flakes and itching.
- Maintain proper hygiene. Regularly washing and conditioning the hair can prevent the buildup of oils and dead skin that contribute to dandruff.
- Avoid irritants. Minimize the use of harsh hair products or styling tools that can worsen dryness and irritation.
When to See a Doctor
If over-the-counter treatments fail to manage dandruff or if symptoms spread to other parts of the body, consult a dermatologist for an accurate diagnosis and tailored treatment plan.
Dandruff is a manageable condition that often responds well to proper care and the right products. By understanding the symptoms and addressing them early, you can maintain a healthy scalp and minimize discomfort. If symptoms persist or worsen, seeking medical advice is the best course of action.
