Rabies is a life-threatening viral infection transmitted through the bite or scratch of an infected animal. In the Philippines, where stray dogs are common, the risk of exposure is significant. Here’s a guide to managing and preventing rabies after an animal bite.
Steps to Take After an Animal Bite
- Clean the Wound Immediately
- Wash the wound thoroughly with soap and running water for at least 15 minutes.
- Proper cleaning removes saliva and reduces the risk of infection.
- Observe the Animal
- Determine if the animal is vaccinated against rabies.
- A rabid animal typically shows erratic behavior, aggression, or signs of illness and often dies within 5–10 days.
- Seek Medical Attention
- Consult a doctor immediately for a wound assessment.
- Depending on the wound’s severity, you may also need a tetanus vaccine alongside rabies prophylaxis.
When Is Rabies Vaccination Necessary?
- Vaccination May Not Be Needed If:
- The biting animal has a complete and updated rabies vaccination record.
- The animal is healthy and can be observed for 10–15 days.
- Vaccination Is Required If:
- The animal is unvaccinated, stray, or cannot be observed.
- Rabies vaccines are administered in a series of 3–4 shots:
- Day 0 (the day of the bite)
- Day 7
- Day 10
- Day 14
Why Vaccination Is Critical
Rabies is nearly 100% fatal once symptoms appear. While infection is rare if prompt treatment is received, there is no cure for advanced rabies. Vaccination ensures that even minimal exposure to the virus does not progress to a deadly outcome.
Preventing Rabies
- Vaccinate Pets
- Ensure dogs, cats, and other pets are vaccinated against rabies.
- Regular vaccination programs reduce the risk of transmission.
- Report Stray Animals
- Stray animals that display aggressive or erratic behavior should be reported to local authorities.
- Avoid Contact with Wild Animals
- Rabies can also be transmitted by bats, cats, and other wildlife. Avoid handling unknown animals.
Never take risks with rabies exposure. While the chances of infection may seem small, rabies is nearly always fatal without treatment. Early intervention is the best defense.
