Stomach pain is a common condition that can signal an abnormality or illness involving internal organs within the abdomen. Keep in mind that the abdomen houses several vital organs, including the liver, stomach, gallbladder, intestines, kidneys, and pancreas. Below are some of the most common conditions that may cause stomach pain:
- Indigestion. Indigestion, or “impatso,” occurs when the stomach processes food too slowly. This can result from overeating, improper chewing, or eating too quickly. Symptoms often include a feeling of fullness, bloating, and discomfort.
- Gas or bloating. “Kabag” is caused by trapped air in the stomach, which leads to pain and discomfort until the air is released. This condition is often triggered by consuming carbonated drinks, swallowing air while eating or talking, or eating gas-producing foods.
- Stomach ulcer. Peptic ulcers occur when acid in the stomach erodes the lining, leading to sores. If these small sores are infected by the Helicobacter pylori bacteria, the condition may worsen, resulting in severe pain and more advanced ulceration.
- Appendicitis. Appendicitis is the inflammation of the appendix, a small tube-like organ attached to the intestine. This occurs when the appendix becomes blocked by food particles, parasites, or bacteria. Appendicitis requires immediate surgical intervention to prevent rupture.
- Gastritis. Gastritis refers to inflammation of the stomach lining, often caused by Helicobacter pylori infection or irritation from medications. Symptoms include pain, nausea, and bloating, particularly after eating.
- GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease). GERD occurs when stomach contents flow back into the esophagus due to a weakened sphincter between the stomach and esophagus. This causes a burning sensation in the upper abdomen and chest, commonly known as heartburn.
- Gastroenteritis. Gastroenteritis is an infection of the stomach and intestines caused by viruses or bacteria. Contaminated food or water is a frequent source. Common pathogens include rotavirus, norovirus, Salmonella, and E. coli. Symptoms include stomach pain, vomiting, and diarrhea.
- Food poisoning. Consuming food contaminated with toxic substances, bacteria, or chemicals can cause severe stomach pain. Poor food preparation or storage is often the cause, leading to symptoms such as cramping, vomiting, and diarrhea.
- Parasitic infections. Various parasites can inhabit the digestive system, including tapeworms, roundworms, whipworms, and pinworms. Smaller organisms like amoebas and flagellates can also cause infections that result in stomach pain.
- Constipation. Constipation, or “pagtitibi,” results from difficulty passing stool, often due to dehydration or a low-fiber diet. This condition causes abdominal discomfort and bloating as waste accumulates in the intestines.
- Diarrhea. The opposite of constipation, diarrhea involves frequent, watery stools. It is often caused by consuming food or water that the body cannot tolerate. Diarrhea can lead to stomach pain and a sudden, urgent need to defecate.
- Other organ-related conditions. Since the abdomen houses many organs, any abnormalities affecting these structures can cause stomach pain. Common conditions include:
- Liver diseases: Such as fatty liver disease or cirrhosis.
- Gallstones: Stones blocking the gallbladder.
- Kidney stones: Crystallized deposits in the kidneys causing severe pain.
- Pancreatitis: Inflammation of the pancreas.
Stomach pain can have various causes, ranging from mild conditions to severe diseases requiring immediate medical attention. Understanding the root cause of the pain is essential for proper management and treatment. If symptoms persist or worsen, consulting a healthcare professional is highly recommended to address the underlying issue effectively.
