According to the World Health Organization (WHO), ten people in Pakistan have died due to an amoeba that attacks the brain, known as Naegleria fowleri. These cases occurred over the past few months, sparking concerns about water safety in the affected areas.
What Is Naegleria Fowleri?
Naegleria fowleri is a type of parasite, distinct from the more commonly known amoeba that causes amoebiasis, which affects the stomach. This brain-attacking amoeba is acquired through contact with contaminated water, typically through the nose during activities like swimming or using untreated water sources.
While rare, Naegleria fowleri infections are extremely dangerous and often fatal. Once the amoeba enters the brain, it causes a condition called primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM), which leads to severe inflammation of the brain and its membranes.
Symptoms and Fatality
Symptoms of Naegleria fowleri infection include:
- Fever.
- Vomiting.
- Dizziness.
- Stiff neck.
- Severe headache.
The condition progresses rapidly, with most victims succumbing to the disease within 5-7 days after symptoms begin. Treatment is challenging, as the infection is both rare and highly aggressive, leaving limited options for effective medical intervention.
Measures Taken in Pakistan
In response to these fatalities, authorities in Karachi, the affected city, have intensified efforts to ensure the cleanliness of drinking water. Residents are advised to take precautions such as boiling water or using safe water sources to prevent further cases.
What About the Philippines?
Cases of Naegleria fowleri infections in the Philippines are exceedingly rare. However, vigilance remains critical, as contaminated water can harbor not only this amoeba but also other harmful pathogens.
To minimize risk:
- Always ensure drinking water is safe by boiling or treating it.
- Avoid swimming in or using untreated water sources, especially during the rainy season when contamination risks are higher.
- Practice good hygiene and clean water practices, such as using filtered water for cooking and drinking.
Although rare, the threat of Naegleria fowleri underscores the importance of maintaining clean water supplies and practicing caution with water use. By staying informed and proactive, the risk of such infections can be minimized, ensuring public safety.
